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2 管道用紧固件及螺纹
2.1 紧固件
螺栓 bolt
六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt
方头螺栓 square head bolt
螺柱，双头螺栓 stud bolt
环头螺检 eye bolt
沉头螺栓 countersunk (head) screw
地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt
松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） turnbuckle
U形螺栓 U-bolt
T形螺栓 T-bolt
圆头螺钉 round head bolt
机螺栓，机螺钉 maehine bolt
顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw
自攻螺钉 self tapping screw
膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt
粗制的 coarse
精制的 finished, fine
螺母 nut
六角螺母 hexagonal nut
方螺母 square nut
蝶形螺母 wing nut
扁螺母 flat nut
锁紧螺母 lock nut
垫圈 washer
平垫圈 plain washer
球面垫圈 spherical washer
弹簧垫圈 spring washer
方垫圈 square washer
斜垫圈 slant washer
销轴 pinned shan
销 pin
开口销 cotter pin
定位销 dowel pin
带孔销 pin with hole
圆锥销 taper pin
铆钉 rivet
键 key
2.2 螺纹
左螺纹left hand thread
右螺纹 right hand thread
管螺纹 pipe thread
锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread
直管螺纹straight pipe thread
梯形螺纹 trapezoid thread
螺距pitch of thread
粗牙螺纹coarse thread
细牙螺纹 fine thread
特细牙螺纹extra fine thread
通长螺纹full thread
惠氏螺纹whitworth thread
公制螺纹 metric ibread
美国标准锥管螺纹 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)
螺孔 tap
3 材料、型钢及填料
3.1 金属材料
3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal
碳素钢 carbon steel (CS)
低碳钢 low-carbon steel
中碳钢 medium-carbon steel
高碳钢 high-carbon steel
普通碳素钢 general carbon steel
优质碳素钢 high-quality carbon steel
普通低合金结构钢 general structure low-alloy steel
合金结构钢 structural alloy steel
合金钢 alloy steel
低合金钢 low alloy steel
中合金钢 medium alloy steel
高合金钢 high alloy steel
耐热钢 heat resisting steel
高强度钢 high strength steel
复合钢 clad steel
工具钢 tool steel
弹簧钢 spring steel
钼钢 molybdenum steel
镍钢 nickel steel
铬钢 chromium steel
铬钼钢 chrome-molybdenum steel
铬镍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel
不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.)
奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel
马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainless steel
司特来合金（钨铬钴台金） Stellite
耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy
铬镍铁合金 inconel
耐热铬镍铁合金 incoloy
20合金 20 alloy
平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin steel
镇静钢 killed steel
半镇静钢 semi-killed steel
沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel
锻钢 forged steel
铸钢 cast steel
铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)
灰铸铁 grey cast iron
可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI)
球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron
生铁 pig iron
熟铁，锻铁 wrought iron
铸件 casting
高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron
3.1.2 镀层及制造方法
渗铬钢，镀铬钢 chromized steel
镀铬的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated
镀层 plating
锻造，型钢 swage
锻造的，锻造 forging
轧制 rolling
热轧 hot rolling
冷轧 cold rolling
挤压 extruding
冷加工 cold working
热加工 hot working
拔制 drawing
3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal
铝 aluminum
铜，紫铜 copper
黄铜 brass
青铜 bronze
铝青铜 aluminum bronze
磷青铜 phosphor bronze
铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium
锰青铜 manganese bronze
蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金） Monel
镍铜台金 nickel copper alloy
非铁合金 nonferrous alloy
钛 titanium
铅 lead
硬铅 hard lead
3.1.4 材料性能
极限强度 ultimate strength
抗拉强度 tensile strength
屈服极限 yield limit
屈服点 yield point
延伸率 percentage elongation
抗压强度 compressive strength
抗弯强度 bending strength
弹性极限 elastic limit
冲击值 impact value
疲劳极限 fatigue limit
蠕变极限 creep limit
持久极限 endurance limit
布氏硬度 Brinell hardness
洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness
维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness
蠕变断裂强度 creep rupture strength
断面收缩率 reduction of area
韧性 toughess
脆性 brittleness
延性 ductility
冷脆 cold shortness
冷流 cold flow
3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material
塑料 plastic
丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)
聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE)
聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
苯乙烯橡胶 styrene-rubber (SR)
聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB)
聚丙烯 polypropylene (PP)
聚苯乙烯 polystyrene (PS)
氯化聚醚 chlorinated polyether (CPE)
聚酰胺 polyamide (PA)
聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC)
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)
醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)
氯化聚氯乙烯 chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)
聚偏二氟乙烯 polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)
缩醛塑料 acetal plastic
尼龙塑料 nylon plastic
聚烯烃 polyolefin (PO)
石墨酚醛塑料 graphite phenolic plastics
聚四氟乙烯 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
纤维增强热塑性塑料 fiber reinforced thermoplastics
热塑性塑料 thermoplastic
热固性塑料 thermosetting plastics
胶粘剂 adhesive
溶剂胶接剂 solvent cement
树脂 resin
环氧树脂 epoxy, epoxy resin
聚酯树脂 polyester resin
聚酯纤维 polyester fibers
氟塑料 fluoroplastics
聚氨基甲酸酯 polyurethane
丙烯酸树脂 acrylic resin
脲醛树脂 urea resin
呋哺树脂 furan resin
乙烯丙烯二烃单体 ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)
合成橡胶 synthetic rubber
橡胶 rubber
丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber
氯丁橡胶 neoprene
天然橡胶 natural rubber
乙丙橡胶 ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)
玻璃 glass
硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass
耐火砖 fire brick
陶瓷 ceramic
搪瓷 porcelain enamel
木材 wood
3.3 型材
型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage
角钢 angle steel
槽钢 channel
工字钢 I-beam
宽缘工字钢或H钢 wide flanged beam
T型钢 T-bar
方钢 square bar
扁钢 flat bar
角钢 hexagonal steel bar
圆钢 round steel; rod
钢带 strap steel
钢板 plate
网纹钢板 checkered plate
腹板（指型钢的立板） web
翼缘（指型钢的缘） wing
3.4 填料及填料函
填料 packing
石棉绳 asbestos rope, asbestos cord．
O形环 O-ring
自密封 self-sealing
四氟带 Teflon tap
带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳 asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos
浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料 Teflon impregnated asbestos packing
金属填料 metallic stuffing
填料箱，填料函 packing box, stuffing box
填料函压盖 stuffing box gland
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